what can i claim on tax: A quick guide to deductions

So, you want to know

what you can claim on tax?

The simple answer is any expense that’s

directly tied to earning your income

. On top of that, you need to have paid for it yourself and have the records to prove it. This is the bedrock principle set by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO), and it underpins every single legitimate deduction you can make.

What's New for Your 2026 Tax Return

A few 2026 changes affect what you can claim and how much you get back. The biggest one: for the 2025–26 year the ATO's working-from-home fixed rate is 70 cents per hour, and the ATO no longer accepts estimates — you need a record of every hour worked from home across the full year (ATO, Fixed rate method, 2026).

• Working from home: 70c/hour covers electricity, phone, internet and consumables — you can't also claim those separately. Full guide: Working From Home Tax Deductions 2026.
• No receipts? You can still claim up to $300 of work-related expenses without written evidence — above that, you need records.
• Refund smaller than expected? See why your tax refund may be lower this year.
• From 1 July 2026: the 16% tax bracket ($18,201–$45,000) drops to 15% — but that affects your 2026–27 return, not the one you're lodging now (ATO, 2026).
• Coming 2026–27: a proposed $1,000 standard work-related deduction may let many people claim a flat amount without itemising.

Not sure which deductions apply to you? AWTS lodges over 10,000 returns a year and is registered with the Tax Practitioners Board. Book an appointment or lodge online and we'll make sure you claim everything you're entitled to. Grab our tax return checklist before you start.

Understanding the Three Golden Rules of Tax Deductions

Before we jump into the specifics of claiming car expenses or home office costs, you have to get your head around the framework that governs it all. Think of the ATO’s rules as a simple, three-part checklist. If your expense ticks all three boxes, you’re on solid ground. Miss just one, and the claim won’t fly. Nailing this foundation is crucial. It shifts your thinking from just memorising a list of claimable items to truly understanding the

why

behind tax law. Once you get these principles, you can confidently figure out if any work-related expense you have is deductible. Let's break down these essential rules.

RuleExplanationExample

1. You Paid for It

You must have spent the money yourself and not been reimbursed by your employer or anyone else.

You buy a $200 textbook for a required professional development course. Your employer doesn't pay you back, so you can claim it.

2. It Relates to Your Income

The expense must have a direct link—or 'nexus'—to your job and how you earn your income. Personal expenses don't count.

A graphic designer's subscription to Adobe Creative Cloud is deductible. Their gym membership is not, even if it helps them feel energised for work.

3. You Have Proof

You need a record to prove the expense. This could be a receipt, invoice, bank statement, or logbook.

You claim $500 in fuel costs using a detailed vehicle logbook and all your fuel receipts. Without the records, the claim is invalid.

Getting these three rules right is non-negotiable. It’s the difference between a

and a potential headache with the ATO.

The First Rule: You Paid for It

This one is the most straightforward: you must have actually spent the money, and you weren't paid back for it. If your company buys you a new laptop or covers the cost of a training course, you can’t turn around and claim it on your tax return. It has to be your own money out of your own pocket. This rule exists to make sure you’re only claiming for genuine personal expenses that were necessary for you to do your job. For instance, if you buy a new work uniform for

$150

and your boss reimburses you the full amount, that expense is off the table for your tax return.

The Second Rule: It Must Relate to Your Income

This is the big one—the most critical test of all. The expense must have a direct connection to how you earn a living. The ATO needs to see a crystal-clear link between the money you spent and the activities you perform at your job. A personal expense, even if you feel it helps you at work in some vague, indirect way, just doesn’t cut it.

Key Takeaway: The main question to ask yourself is, "Did this expense directly help me earn my assessable income?" If the answer is a definite "yes," you’ve met this crucial requirement.

A great example is a doctor buying a specialised medical journal—that’s a clear deduction because it’s directly related to their profession. But that same doctor trying to claim a subscription to a general lifestyle magazine wouldn’t get very far, even if they read it on their lunch break.

The Third Rule: You Must Have Proof

A claim without proof is just a guess, and the ATO doesn’t deal in guesses. You absolutely must have records to back up your claims, whether that’s receipts, invoices, bank statements, or detailed logbooks. This paperwork is your evidence. It’s what you’ll rely on if the ATO ever decides to review your return. Forgetting this final step is one of the most common mistakes taxpayers make, and it can quickly turn a valid deduction into a rejected claim and a potential penalty. The best way to stay prepared? Keep organised, digital records of everything.

Claiming Common Work-Related Expenses

For most Aussies, work-related expenses are the single biggest opportunity to lower their taxable income and boost their refund. This is where you can claim back the money you've personally spent to help you earn your salary or wages. Getting your head around what you can claim on tax in this area is absolutely vital. It's a huge category—over

10 million

of us claim work-related expenses every year. But the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) is always watching, reminding everyone that a claim must be directly linked to earning your income and, crucially, you must have proof. You can get a feel for what the ATO looks for (and some of the wilder claims they reject) by checking out their

. To keep it simple, every single expense has to pass a quick three-step test before you can even think about claiming it.

Think of this as your go-to mental checklist. If you paid for it, but it's not connected to your job or you can't prove it, it's not claimable. Simple as that.

Vehicle and Travel Expenses

If you use your personal car for work, you can often claim the running costs. The big exception here is your daily commute—driving from home to your main workplace and back is considered private travel by the ATO. So, what travel

can

you claim?

• Driving between two different jobs.
• Travelling from your usual workplace to another location, like a client's office or a different site.
• Journeys from home to an alternative workplace (not your main one), and then on to your main workplace.

The ATO gives you two ways to calculate your claim.

1. The Cents Per Kilometre Method

This is the no-fuss option. You can claim a set rate—

85 cents per kilometre

for the 2023–24 income year—for up to

5,000

business kilometres per car. You don't need a shoebox full of receipts, but you do need to show the ATO how you worked out the kilometres, like keeping a simple diary of your work trips.

2. The Logbook Method

This one requires more legwork but can lead to a much bigger deduction if you use your car for work a lot. You'll need to keep a detailed logbook for

12 continuous weeks

to figure out the business-use percentage of your car. Once you have that percentage, you can claim it on all your car's running costs, from fuel and insurance to registration and even its depreciation.

Clothing and Laundry Deductions

This is a category that trips a lot of people up. You generally can’t claim a deduction for the nice suit or dress you bought for the office, even if that's the only place you wear it. For clothing to be deductible, it must fit neatly into one of these specific boxes:

• Protective Clothing: Gear that genuinely protects you from injury or illness on the job. Think steel-capped boots, high-vis vests, or safety goggles.
• Occupation-Specific Clothing: Outfits that are instantly recognisable as belonging to a certain profession, like a chef's chequered pants or a nurse's scrubs.
• Compulsory Uniform: Something your employer forces you to wear, which usually has the company's logo permanently attached.

If the clothing itself is claimable, then so are the costs to clean it. The ATO has a standard rate of

$1 per load

if you’re washing a load of just work clothes. If you mix them in with your regular laundry, you can claim

50 cents per load

.

Self-Education and Professional Development

Paid for a course or seminar to sharpen your skills for your current job? You might be in luck. A deduction for self-education expenses could be on the cards.

The Golden Rule for Self-Education: The course must have a direct link to your current job. It needs to either maintain or improve the skills you need for that role, or be likely to lead to a pay rise in your current job.

What you can't claim is a course that's only vaguely related to your work or, importantly, one that helps you get a completely new job in a different field. If your course ticks the right boxes, you can claim things like:

• Course fees
• Textbooks and stationery
• Student amenity fees
• Travel expenses to and from your classes

Working From Home Expenses

With remote and hybrid work becoming the new normal, working from home deductions are now a massive area for taxpayers. The ATO offers two methods for calculating these claims, and your choice will really come down to your personal situation and how good you are at keeping records. Your two options are:

1. The Fixed Rate Method: The simple, straightforward way.
2. The Actual Cost Method: More complex, but could get you a better result.

Let's break them down.

The Revised Fixed Rate Method

This is the path of least resistance. For the 2023–24 tax year, you can claim a flat rate of

67 cents for every hour you work from home

. This rate is a handy shortcut that bundles up the most common running expenses. It's designed to cover:

• Home and mobile internet bills
• Mobile and home phone costs
• Electricity and gas (for lighting, heating, and cooling)
• Stationery and computer consumables like printer ink

To use this method, you just need a record of the hours you worked from home (a timesheet or diary works perfectly) and proof you actually paid for the expenses covered by the rate (like keeping one phone bill). You can also make separate claims for the depreciation of big-ticket items like your computer and office desk.

The Actual Cost Method

This is for the diligent record-keepers. It involves adding up the actual work-related portion of every single one of your home office expenses. It demands meticulous records but can definitely pay off with a bigger deduction if your costs are high. With this method, you can claim the work-related slice of:

• All the running costs mentioned in the fixed-rate method.
• The decline in value (depreciation) of your office equipment and furniture.
• Any costs for repairing and maintaining your gear.

To work out the "work-related slice," you'll need to keep a detailed diary to show your work patterns or analyse your utility bills to figure out a reasonable percentage to claim. It's a lot more involved, which is why it’s best for people who are highly organised. For a deeper dive into which method is right for you, check out our guide on

.

Finding Deductions Beyond Your 9-to-5 Job

When you start thinking about tax deductions, it’s natural to focus on the easy stuff—the expenses tied directly to your main job. But your financial life is much bigger than your 9-to-5, and so are the opportunities to claim deductions. If you only look at your payslip, you're almost certainly leaving money on the table. The real wins come from looking at your entire financial picture. These aren't hidden loopholes; they're legitimate claims available to anyone who knows where to look and how to claim them properly. Let's dive into some of the most powerful—and often forgotten—deductions available.

Claiming the Cost of Managing Your Tax Affairs

Here's one of the simplest and most satisfying deductions you can claim: the cost of getting your tax done. Any money you spend on professional help or specialised tools to prepare and lodge your tax return is generally tax-deductible. This is a no-brainer. The expenses you can claim include:

• Accountant's Fees: The fee you pay a registered tax agent to handle your tax return is 100% deductible.
• Tax Preparation Software: If you use paid software to manage or lodge your taxes, that subscription is claimable.
• Travel Costs: The cost of travelling to and from your accountant's office also counts. It all adds up.

A quick heads-up on timing: you claim these costs in the tax return for the year you actually

paid

the expense. So, if you paid your accountant in July 2024 for your 2023 tax return, that deduction goes on your 2024 tax return.

It's worth noting that the most financially savvy Australians pay very close attention to this. Data has shown that a number of individuals earning over $1 million a year paid zero tax in the 2022-23 financial year, partly by claiming significant deductions for the costs of managing their tax affairs. You can discover more insights into high-earner tax strategies.

Making Your Charitable Donations Count

Giving back to causes you believe in is a great thing to do. The ATO agrees, and they reward your generosity with a tax deduction for donations of

$2

or more. The key here is that the donation must be made to an organisation endorsed as a

Deductible Gift Recipient (DGR)

. Not every charity has this status, so if you're planning to claim a deduction, it's vital to check first. You can quickly verify an organisation’s DGR status on the Australian Business Register (ABR) website. To make the claim, you absolutely must have a receipt from the DGR as proof. Also, remember that it has to be a true gift. You can't claim a deduction if you get something tangible in return, like a raffle ticket, a seat at a fundraising dinner, or an item from an auction.

Protecting Your Income and Your Tax Position

Think about your most valuable asset. It's not your house or your car; it's your ability to earn an income. Income protection insurance is the policy that keeps paying you if you're temporarily unable to work due to illness or injury. What many people don't realise is that the premiums you pay for this

are typically tax-deductible. This is a massive win-win. You’re protecting your financial future while simultaneously reducing your taxable income right now. The crucial rule is that the policy must cover your income or salary. You generally can't claim premiums for life insurance, critical illness, or trauma cover, even if they're bundled into the same policy. Your insurer can and should provide a statement that clearly breaks down which portion of your premium is deductible and which isn't.

Deductions for Your Investment Property

Owning an investment property is a huge financial step, and if you want to make it a successful one, you absolutely need to get your head around the tax deductions. Every dollar you spend while the property is either rented or genuinely available for rent can chip away at your taxable income, seriously improving your overall return. It helps to think of your investment property as a small business. The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) lets you deduct the legitimate costs of running that "business," which is really just the cost of generating rental income. Let's break down the most common and valuable deductions you can claim.

Ongoing Expenses You Can Claim Immediately

These are your regular, run-of-the-mill costs for keeping the property going. You can claim a full deduction for these expenses in the same income year you pay for them. They are the bread and butter of your property's tax claims. Some of the biggest immediate deductions include:

• Interest on Your Investment Loan: For most investors, the interest charged on the loan used to buy the property is the single largest deduction.
• Council and Water Rates: Both your local council rates and the water service charges are fully deductible.
• Land Tax: If your property is liable for land tax, you can claim this cost.
• Property Management Fees: Paying a real estate agent to manage tenants, collect rent, and look after the place? Those fees are deductible.
• Advertising for Tenants: Any money you spend to find new tenants, like online listings or newspaper ads, can be claimed.
• Insurance: Your premiums for building, contents, and public liability insurance are all deductible.

These costs are directly tied to the income your property generates, which makes them straightforward claims—as long as you keep good records.

The Critical Difference Between Repairs and Improvements

This is where so many property investors get tripped up, and it's a massive red flag for the ATO. Getting this right is crucial because it determines whether you can claim an expense right away or have to spread it out over several years. A

repair

simply puts something back in its original working order. It’s about fixing wear and tear or damage that happened while you were renting the property out. Repairs are claimed as an immediate,

100% deduction

in the year you paid for them. An

improvement

, on the other hand, makes something better than it was to begin with. It enhances the property’s value or function, usually by replacing or upgrading an entire asset. Improvements are considered capital works and must be claimed slowly over time through depreciation.

Key Insight: Think of it like this. Fixing a single cracked tile in the bathroom is a repair. Ripping up the whole floor and retiling the bathroom with modern tiles is an improvement. The first is an immediate deduction; the second is a capital expense.

Here’s a quick comparison to make it clearer:

Type of WorkClassificationHow to Claim

Replacing a broken window pane

Repair

Claim the full cost this year

Replacing all windows with new double-glazed units

Improvement

Depreciate the cost over many years

Repainting a faded interior wall

Repair

Claim the full cost this year

Building a new deck or pergola

Improvement

Depreciate the cost over many years

Capital Works and Depreciation

When you make an improvement or buy a new asset for your rental, you can't claim the whole cost in one hit. Instead, you claim a portion of its value each year as it wears out—a process called

depreciation

. This applies to both capital works (the building's structure) and depreciating assets (like appliances).

• Capital Works: This is the building itself and any structural additions like a new roof or a full kitchen renovation. You can generally claim these costs at a rate of 2.5% per year for 40 years.
• Depreciating Assets: These are the removable items inside the property—think ovens, dishwashers, carpets, and air conditioners. Each asset has a different "effective life," and you claim its decline in value over that specific period.

Knowing how to properly account for these expenses is vital for maximising your deductions over the long haul. For a deep dive into this, you can explore our guide on creating an

. Ultimately, smart management of your investment property's tax deductions can have a massive impact on your financial outcomes, especially when it comes to

. Government data shows that capital gains discount provisions benefited nearly one million Aussies, with an average benefit of

$21,430

each, showing just how much these rules help those with investment portfolios. Interestingly, there's a gender split, with

520,000 men

and

470,000 women

taking advantage of this benefit. You can find more details in the

.

Mastering Bulletproof Record Keeping

Knowing what you can claim on tax is only half the battle. An unclaimed deduction is a missed opportunity, sure, but a claim without solid proof is a potential headache waiting to happen. This is where bulletproof record-keeping becomes your most powerful tool, turning your tax return from a collection of hopeful guesses into a solid, evidence-backed document. Think of yourself as a detective building an airtight case for every single deduction. The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) is the judge, and your records are the evidence. Without clear, organised proof, even the most legitimate claim can be questioned or flat-out denied. Forget the old shoebox overflowing with faded receipts. Modern record-keeping is digital, simple, and far more effective. It’s all about building a habit of capturing expenses as they happen, making sure nothing slips through the cracks come tax time.

What Makes a Record Valid?

The ATO has specific rules for what counts as valid proof of purchase. Just having a bank statement showing a transaction often isn't enough, especially for larger claims. A proper record needs to have several key pieces of information to hold up under scrutiny. A valid tax invoice or receipt must clearly show:

• The name of the supplier
• The amount of the expense
• The date the expense was paid
• The nature of the goods or services

For any expense over

$300

, the receipt must also include the supplier's Australian Business Number (ABN). This level of detail is non-negotiable for substantiating your claims and staying compliant.

Smart Tools for Modern Record Keeping

The good news? Technology has made this process incredibly easy. You don't need complex accounting software to keep perfect records. Simple, everyday tools can do the job exceptionally well, turning a year-end scramble into a manageable, ongoing task. Consider these modern methods:

1. Dedicated Apps: Use an ATO-approved app or other expense-tracking software. You can just snap a photo of a receipt with your phone, and the app will digitise and categorise the information for you. Easy.
2. Cloud Storage: Create a dedicated folder in a cloud service like Google Drive or Dropbox. Organise it by financial year and then by expense category (e.g., 'Work Travel', 'Home Office').
3. Simple Spreadsheets: A well-organised spreadsheet is still a powerful tool. Create columns for the date, supplier, amount, and a brief description of each expense, then link to a digital copy of the receipt.

Key Takeaway: The best system is the one you will actually use consistently. The goal is to make capturing expenses a quick, thoughtless habit throughout the year, not a stressful task you put off until June.

The Five-Year Rule

Once you've gathered your records and lodged your return, your job isn't quite done. The ATO requires you to hold onto all your documentation for a minimum of

five years

from the date you lodge your tax return. This rule is crucial. If the ATO decides to review or audit your return from a few years ago, you absolutely must be able to produce the evidence for every single claim you made. Digital records are a lifesaver here, as they won't fade, get lost, or be accidentally thrown out like paper receipts. By mastering these simple principles, you can face tax time with complete confidence, knowing every deduction is fully substantiated and audit-proof.

Common Tax Deduction Mistakes to Avoid

Getting your head around what you can claim is a huge part of tax time, but knowing what

not

to do is just as important. One simple mistake can turn what looks like a great tax return into a stressful audit with the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). If you learn from the most common errors we see every year, you can make sure your claims are both maximised and completely above board. A lot of taxpayers get tripped up blurring the line between their personal and work lives. It’s an easy trap to fall into, but it’s one the ATO watches like a hawk. The golden rule is that an expense has to be directly tied to earning your income—not just something that's generally helpful in your life. Let's dive into the most frequent pitfalls and show you how to sidestep them, making your tax return bulletproof.

Confusing Private Expenses with Work Expenses

This is, without a doubt, the number one mistake. It's so tempting to think that because you use something for work, you can just claim the whole cost. But if that item has any private use, you have to apportion the expense and claim only the work-related slice. Take Sarah, a freelance graphic designer who buys a new high-end laptop for

$3,000

. She uses it for her client projects about

70%

of the time. The other

30%

? That's for streaming movies and scrolling through social media.

• The Mistake: Sarah claims the full $3,000 depreciation cost of the laptop on her tax return.
• The Correct Way: She must calculate her business-use percentage. She can only claim depreciation on $2,100 (which is 70% of $3,000), as this is the portion that directly helped her earn income.

This same principle applies to everything, from your mobile phone and internet bills to your car expenses. You absolutely must have a reasonable way of calculating your work-related percentage, like keeping a logbook or a simple diary.

Key Insight: The ATO’s mantra is "apportion, apportion, apportion." If an expense serves a dual purpose, you have to split the cost between work and private use. Failing to do this is one of the fastest ways to attract unwanted attention.

Claiming Everyday Travel as a Work Trip

Another huge pitfall is getting travel expenses wrong. The ATO is crystal clear on this one: your daily commute from home to your main workplace is a private expense. It is

not deductible

. Imagine David, an accountant who drives 40 minutes to his city office every single day. He figures that since the trip is

for

work, he should be able to claim the fuel and running costs. This is a really common misconception. That trip to and from your primary workplace is seen as a prerequisite to earning your income, not a direct part of the income-earning activity itself. However, there are a few exceptions. David

could

claim his travel if he:

• Travelled from his main office to a client's site during the workday.
• Drove from his first job directly to a second job.
• Had to transport bulky tools or equipment that simply couldn't be stored at his workplace.

Unless your travel fits neatly into one of these specific exceptions, trying to claim your daily commute is a serious mistake. Sticking to honest and accurate claims is the best way to stay out of trouble and have a smooth, stress-free tax time.

Your Top Tax Questions, Answered

Even when you think you’ve got a handle on the rules, tricky situations pop up. It’s natural to wonder, "Can I actually claim this?" We get these questions all the time, so we’ve put together direct answers to the most common queries to help you lodge with total confidence.

Can I Claim My Travel From Home to Work?

In most cases, the answer is a straightforward no. The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) views your daily trip from home to your main workplace as a private expense. Think of it this way: you’re not earning income until you get there, so the cost to get to your "starting line" isn't deductible. But, like many tax rules, there are some important exceptions. You

can

claim your travel when:

• You're travelling between jobs: For example, if you finish your shift at your first job and drive directly to your second job on the same day.
• You’re heading to an alternative workplace: This includes travel from your home directly to a client's office or a different site that isn't your usual place of work.
• You have to transport bulky tools: If your job requires you to carry heavy or bulky equipment (think a plumber's gear or a cello for a musician) and there’s nowhere secure to store it at work, the cost of transporting it becomes a claimable expense.

What’s the Easiest Way to Claim My Work-From-Home Expenses?

If you're after simplicity, the ATO's

fixed rate method

is your best friend. For the 2023-24 financial year, you can claim a neat

67 cents per hour

. This single rate is designed to cover your internet, phone, electricity, gas, and stationery costs in one go. All you need is a record of the hours you worked from home, like a simple diary or timesheet. While it’s easy, it might not give you the biggest possible refund. If your home office costs are particularly high, the

actual cost method

could be more rewarding. This involves adding up the actual cost of every single expense and then calculating the specific work-related percentage for each one. It demands meticulous records, but the payoff can be worth it.

Our Take: The fixed rate method is perfect for convenience and straightforward claims. The actual cost method is for those who are diligent with their records and want to squeeze every last dollar out of their deduction. Choose the one that fits your personality and record-keeping style.

How Long Do I Need to Keep My Tax Records and Receipts?

The ATO is clear on this: you must keep all your financial records for

five years

, starting from the day you lodge your tax return. This isn’t just for receipts—it includes every logbook, invoice, bank statement, and any other document that backs up your claims. We can't stress this enough: go digital. Physical receipts fade, get lost in the bottom of a drawer, or are easily thrown out. A digital copy saved to the cloud, on the other hand, is a permanent, secure record that will save you a massive headache if the ATO ever comes knocking for an audit.

Navigating the maze of tax deductions can feel overwhelming, but you don't have to figure it all out on your own. The experts at

Australia Wide Tax Solutions

are here to make sure you claim every single dollar you're entitled to. Whether you're an individual, investor, or business owner, we offer clear, personalised advice to maximise your refund. Make tax time easy this year.

What rental income do I need to declare on my tax return?

Declare all rental income received: regular rent, advance rent, rent in kind, insurance payouts for lost rent, and bond money kept for unpaid rent. Gross rent before expenses is included in assessable income. The rental property schedule of the tax return captures income and expenses separately from other income.

What expenses can I deduct for a rental property?

Deductible expenses include council rates, water charges, land tax, insurance, property agent fees, repairs and maintenance, loan interest on funds borrowed for the property, advertising for tenants, and depreciation on eligible assets. Capital improvements are depreciated over time; borrowing costs are spread over five years or the loan term, whichever is shorter.

What is negative gearing and how does it affect my tax?

Negative gearing occurs when rental expenses exceed rental income. The net rental loss is deducted from your other assessable income (such as wages), reducing total taxable income and therefore tax payable. It is most beneficial for taxpayers in higher marginal brackets and must be reported accurately on the rental property schedule.

Do I pay capital gains tax when I sell a rental property?

Yes. The sale triggers a CGT event. The gain is proceeds less cost base (purchase price, stamp duty, legal fees, and improvement costs). If owned for more than 12 months, apply the 50% CGT discount before adding the gain to assessable income. Previously claimed capital works deductions reduce the cost base and increase the eventual gain.

Can I claim deductions for a vacant rental property?

Yes, if the property is genuinely available for rent at a market rate. Expenses during a vacancy are deductible while the property is advertised. If the property is not genuinely available — reserved for personal use or listed above market rent — deductions may be denied or apportioned for the vacant period.